Which instrument approach provides both vertical and horizontal guidance?

• A. Non-precision approach.
• B. Visual approach.
• C. VOR approach with only lateral guidance.
• D. Precision approach.

Answer: (D)

A precision approach provides both vertical and horizontal guidance. It delivers lateral guidance to align with the runway centerline (like from a localizer) and vertical guidance to manage descent along a glide path (glide slope), allowing you to fly a continuous descent path even when visibility is poor. Non-precision approaches offer only horizontal guidance, with altitude steps and no glide path. Visual approaches rely on visual cues rather than instruments, and a VOR approach with only lateral guidance is a non-precision approach. So the approach that gives both axes of guidance is the precision approach.