What is a turbocharger?

• A. A device that redirects exhaust into the intake for improved oxygen.
• B. An air compressor driven by exhaust gases, which increases the pressure of the air going into the engine through the carburetor or fuel injection system.
• C. An electric motor that drives the intake blower.
• D. A device that reduces air pressure in the intake.

Answer: (B)

A turbocharger uses exhaust gas energy to spin a turbine that drives a compressor, which forces more air into the engine than it would naturally receive. That extra, denser air allows more fuel to be burned, producing more power. The exhaust and intake sides are separate; the exhaust only powers the turbine, not sent into the intake. It’s also not an electric motor, and it doesn’t reduce air pressure—instead it increases the pressure of the air entering the engine, through the carburetor or fuel injection system. In practice, turbocharging helps maintain engine performance at higher altitudes where air is thinner, though it introduces considerations like boost control and heat.