Aircraft approach category is based on:

• A. A performance grouping based on maximum operating altitude.
• B. A performance grouping based on speed of 1.3 times stall speed in the landing configuration at maximum gross landing weight.
• C. A classification based on wing loading.
• D. A category defined by engine type.

Answer: (B)

Approach category is about the speed you plan to fly on final approach and landing. It uses a standard reference speed: 1.3 times the stall speed in the landing configuration at maximum gross landing weight. This gives a conservative, weight-aware margin that ensures adequate maneuverability and obstacle clearance during the approach. Heavier airplanes have higher stall speeds, so tying the category to the stall speed at max landing weight keeps the classification consistent and safe across weight states. Other factors like maximum operating altitude, wing loading, or engine type aren’t what define the approach category.